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LL-37

LL-37

$62.00
$62.00
SAVE Liquid error (snippets/price line 116): Computation results in '-Infinity'% Sold out

science Lab-Tested 99% Purity

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LL-37

LL-37

$62.00
$62.00
SAVE Liquid error (snippets/price line 116): Computation results in '-Infinity'% Sold out

LL-37 is a human cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide involved in innate immune defense. It exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal activity, while also modulating inflammation, wound healing, and tissue regeneration.

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  • DESCRIPTION
  • STORAGE
  • REFERENCES

LL-37 is the only known human cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide (AMP). It is produced as part of the innate immune system and plays a key role in host defense, wound healing, and immune modulation. LL-37 is generated from the precursor hCAP18 (human cationic antimicrobial protein 18) via proteolytic cleavage. In addition to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, LL-37 regulates inflammation, promotes angiogenesis, and enhances tissue regeneration.

Structure

  • Type: Cationic amphipathic peptide
  • Length: 37 amino acids (derived from the C-terminal of hCAP18)
  • Molecular Weight: ~4.5 kDa
  • Mechanism: Disrupts microbial membranes, binds lipopolysaccharides (LPS), modulates toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, and promotes wound repair

Research

Antimicrobial Activity

  • Broad-spectrum effects against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and some viruses.
  • Directly disrupts microbial membranes and neutralizes bacterial endotoxins.

Immune Modulation

  • Regulates cytokine release and modulates inflammation.
  • Enhances chemotaxis and activates immune cells including neutrophils, monocytes, and T cells.

Wound Healing & Regeneration

  • Stimulates angiogenesis, keratinocyte migration, and re-epithelialization.
  • Shown to accelerate cutaneous wound healing in experimental models.

Anti-Cancer Research

  • Exhibits context-dependent effects: can suppress tumor progression by immune activation, but also promote growth in certain cancer environments.

Autoimmunity & Chronic Disease

  • Dysregulation of LL-37 expression has been linked to psoriasis, lupus, asthma, and chronic inflammatory disorders.

Safety Profile

  • Endogenously expressed in humans.
  • Therapeutic use remains under investigation due to context-dependent effects on immunity and inflammation.

Summary

LL-37 is a host defense peptide with a dual role:

  • Direct antimicrobial action via microbial membrane disruption
  • Immunomodulatory effects including cytokine regulation and tissue repair
  • Studied in contexts such as infection control, wound healing, cancer biology, and autoimmune disease

This peptide is supplied as a lyophilized powder. Store vials at 2–8 °C, protected from light and moisture. For long-term storage, keep unopened vials at −20 °C. After reconstitution, prepare solutions under sterile conditions, refrigerate at 2–8 °C, and use promptly. Avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles.

1. Larrick JW, Hirata M, Balint RF, Lee J, Zhong J, Wright SC. Human CAP18: a novel antimicrobial lipopolysaccharide-binding protein. *Infect Immun*. 1995;63(4):1291–1297. PMID: 7890350

2. Sørensen OE, et al. The human cathelicidin hCAP18/LL-37 is processed by proteinase 3 in neutrophils. *Blood*. 2001;97(12):3951–3959. doi:10.1182/blood.V97.12.3951

3. Yang D, et al. LL-37 is an antimicrobial peptide that links innate and adaptive immunity. *Nat Immunol*. 2000;1(8): 508–514. doi:10.1038/82783

4. Heilborn JD, et al. The cathelicidin peptide LL-37 is involved in re-epithelialization of human skin wounds. *J Invest Dermatol*. 2003;120(3):379–389. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12069.x

5. Dürr UH, Sudheendra US, Ramamoorthy A. LL-37, the only human cathelicidin, and its roles in health and disease. *Biochim Biophys Acta*. 2006;1758(9):1408–1425. doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.03.030

6. Kahlenberg JM, Kaplan MJ. Little peptide, big effects: the role of LL-37 in inflammation and autoimmune disease. *J Immunol*. 2013;191(10):4895–4901. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1302005

7. Scott MG, Davidson DJ, Gold MR, Bowdish D, Hancock RE. The human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is a multifunctional modulator of innate immune responses. *J Immunol*. 2002;169(7):3883–3891. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.169.7.3883

8. Niyonsaba F, et al. The antimicrobial peptide LL-37 induces angiogenesis in human endothelial cells. *J Invest Dermatol*. 2005;124(1): 106–114. doi:10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.23546.x

9. Ramos R, Silva JP, Rodrigues AC, et al. Wound healing activity of the human antimicrobial peptide LL-37. *Peptides*. 2011;32(7):1469–1476. doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2011.05.015

10. Ren SX, Cheng AS, To KF, et al. Host defense peptide LL-37 suppresses gastric cancer through inhibition of TLR4 signaling. *Oncogene*. 2012;31(36): 3672–3680. doi:10.1038/onc.2011.520